What term refers to the "conscience" and moral judge of one's conduct according to Freud?

The term that refers to the "conscience" and moral judge of one's conduct according to Freud is the Superego. In Freudian theory, the Superego acts as a critical component of an individual's personality, representing the internalized societal and parental standards of right and wrong. It develops during childhood as an individual incorporates the moral guidelines and values transmitted by parents and society.

The Superego serves to suppress unacceptable impulses from the Id and strives for perfection, providing the moral reasoning that governs an individual’s behavior. It is responsible for feelings of guilt when one's conduct does not align with these internal moral standards. This context highlights its crucial role in shaping a person's conscience and ethical behavior, distinguishing it from the Id, which is focused on primal desires, and the Ego, which mediates between the Id’s desires and the realities of the external world. The concept of the Animus, originating from Jungian psychology, does not pertain to the Freudian structure and therefore is not related to this specific aspect of personality.